IN VITRO POTENTIAL OF A-AMYLASE ENZYME INHIBITION OF A COMBINATION OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF YAKON POTATO LEAVES (SMALLANTHUS SONCHIFOLIUS) AND KARAS TULANG ROOTS (CHLORANTHUS ERECTUS) AND ITS PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING
Indonesia Indonesia 
Malaysia 
Article Sidebar
-
A-Amylase, Acarbose, Chloranthus Erectu, Smallanthus Sonchifolius, Type 2 Diabetes
Abstract
Inhibiting carbohydrate-digesting enzymes such ?-amylase may help regulate type 2 diabetes mellitus, a long-term metabolic condition marked by continuous high blood sugar levels. The purpose of this research was to examine the phytochemical composition and in vitro ?-amylase inhibitory action of a mixture of yacon leaf (Smallanthus sonchifolius) and karas tulang root (Chloranthus erectus) ethanolic extracts. The plant materials were macerated in 70% ethanol to remove their constituent parts, and then the two extracts were mixed in a weight-for-weight ratio of 1:1. The DNS technique was used to assess the ?-amylase inhibitory activity, with acarbose as the positive control, and thin-layer chromatography was used for phytochemical screening. The yield of yacon leaves was 14.2% and that of karas tulang roots was 11.4% when extracted. There were terpenoids, polyphenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, and polyphenols found in the phytochemical screening. The combined extract exhibited an increase in ?-amylase inhibition ratio of 34.528 percent at 20 ppm to 90.359 percent at 200 ppm, which was concentration dependant. The combined extract had an IC?? value of 63.298 ± 0.162 ppm, while acarbose had an IC?? value of 43.183 ± 1.335 ppm. The inhibitory action of the combined extract was encouraging, even if it was not as strong as acarbose. These results indicate that a possible natural antidiabetic candidate might be created by combining yacon leaves and karas tulang roots via ?-amylase inhibition..
Full text article
References
Ariska Dewi, T., & Haryoto, H. (2025). Aktivitas Antidiabetes Fraksi Dari Ekstrak Etanol Daun Yakon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) Pada Tikus Galur Wistar Yang Diinduksi Aloksan Secara In Vivo. CERATA Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi, 16(2), 174–184. https://doi.org/10.61902/cerata.v16i2.2015
Dirir, A. M., Daou, M., Yousef, A. F., & Yousef, L. F. (2022). A review of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors from plants as potential candidates for the treatment of type-2 diabetes. Phytochemistry Reviews, 21(4), 1049–1079. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-021-09773-1
Febriyanti, R. M., Indradi, R. B., Maisyarah, I. T., Iskandar, Y., Susanti, R. D., & Lestari, D. (2025). Alpha-amylase and Alpha-glucosidase enzymes inhibition and antioxidant potential of selected medicinal plants used as anti-diabetes by Sundanese community in West Java, Indonesia. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, 25(1), 426. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-025-05144-x
Hasan, N., Ariffin, S., Azzeme, A. M., Hasbullah, N. I., Nawahwi, M. Z., & Bin Zemry, I. H. (2023). Preliminary phytochemical screening of medicinal herb, SAMBAU PAYA (Chloranthus erectus). Materials Today: Proceedings, 88, 6–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2023.01.365
Hidayati, S., Shinta Mayasari, S., Setyaningrum, L., Wardani, A. D., & Aini, Q. (2022). In vitro antidiabetic activity of Peperomia pellucida extract and fraction by alpha-amylase inhibition pathway. Pharmaciana, 12(2), 156. https://doi.org/10.12928/pharmaciana.v12i2.21874
Indriyanti, R. A., Kharisma, Y., Damayanti, M. M., Yuniarti, L., Trusda, S. A. D., & Fatmawati, S. A. (2025). The Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanol Extract Yacon Tubers (Smallanthus sonchifolius). Bandung Conference Series: Medical Science, 1559–1566. https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsms.v5i3.21660
Khaisya Sabila, Bangkit Riska Permata, & Siwi Hastuti. (2026). Antioxidant Body Lotion Formulation From Yakon Leaf Extract (Smallanthus Sonchifolius). International Journal of Health Engineering and Technology, 4(6). https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhet.v4i6.659
Lam, T.-P., Tran, N.-V. N., Pham, L.-H. D., Lai, N. V.-T., Dang, B.-T. N., Truong, N.-L. N., … Tran, T.-D. (2024). Flavonoids as dual-target inhibitors against ?-glucosidase and ?-amylase: a systematic review of in vitro studies. Natural Products and Bioprospecting, 14(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13659-023-00424-w
Musayyaf, A. F. (2024). Determination of Antidiabetic Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Karas Tulang Leaves (Chloranthus Erectus) In Alloxan-Induced Wistar Rats. International Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Research Studies, 04(12). https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmscrs/v4-i12-39
Quazi, A., Patwekar, M., Patwekar, F., Alghamdi, S., Rajab, B. S., Babalghith, A. O., & Islam, F. (2022). In Vitro Alpha-Amylase Enzyme Assay of Hydroalcoholic Polyherbal Extract: Proof of Concept for the Development of Polyherbal Teabag Formulation for the Treatment of Diabetes. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2022, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1577957
Rawal, P., Pandey, B., Yadav, R. K., & Panta, S. (2025). Antioxidant, Alpha?Amylase Inhibitory and Hypoglycemic Activity of Smallanthus sonchifolius Leaves from Nepal: An Integrated In Vitro, In Vivo, and In Silico Approach. Food Science & Nutrition, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.4672
Serra-Barcellona, C., Habib, N. C., Mercado, M. I., Sánchez, S. S., & Genta, S. B. (2025). Yacon leaf aqueous extract: Effects on diabetic oxidative stress and its therapeutic implications. Journal of Phytomoleculs and Pharmacology, 4(1), 61–73. https://doi.org/10.56717/jpp.2025.v04i01.038
Widowati, W., Tjokropranoto, R., Wahyudianingsih, R., Tih, F., Sadeli, L., Kusuma, H. S. W., … Agatha, F. A. (2021). Antidiabetic Potential Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp.) H. Rob.) Leaf Extract via Antioxidant Activities, Inhibition of ?-glucosidase, ?-amylase, G-6-Pase by In Vitro Assay. Journal of Reports in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 10(2), 247–255. https://doi.org/10.4103/jrptps.JRPTPS_3_21
Wongsa, P., Phatikulrungsun, P., & Prathumthong, S. (2022). FT-IR characteristics, phenolic profiles and inhibitory potential against digestive enzymes of 25 herbal infusions. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 6631. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-10669-z
Zemry, I. H., Hasan, N. A., Hasbullah, N. I., Nawahwi, M. Z., Mohamad Azzeme, A., Ahmad, S. N. D., & Ariffin, S. (2023). Antioxidant Potential of Chloranthus erectus (Chloranthaceae) from various solvents extract. Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 11(1), 75–80. https://doi.org/10.18006/2023.11(1).75.80
Authors
Copyright (c) 2026 Dinda Nurochmah Mujiyati, Haryoto Haryoto, Agustono Wibowo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
