Harahap, R.H. et al. 2026. PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS: ENHANCING CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING AND PROBLEM-SOLVING SKILLS. International Journal of Educatio Elementaria and Psychologia. 3, 2 (Apr. 2026), 180–198. DOI:https://doi.org/10.70177/ijeep.v3i2.4225.