Technostress and Personnel Flourishing: A Longitudinal Study on the Impact of AI-Driven Monitoring on Psychological Well-being
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The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI)–driven monitoring systems in contemporary workplaces has transformed performance management practices and intensified digital supervision. While such systems promise efficiency and data-driven decision-making, concerns have emerged regarding their psychological consequences. Technostress theory suggests that continuous technological exposure may generate strain, yet limited longitudinal evidence exists on how AI-based monitoring influences personnel flourishing over time. This study aims to examine the dynamic relationship between AI-driven monitoring intensity, technostress dimensions, and psychological well-being using a longitudinal framework. A three-wave panel design was implemented with full-time employees working in organizations utilizing AI-based performance analytics. Data were collected at four-month intervals and analyzed using cross-lagged structural equation modeling to assess causal pathways and moderating effects. Measures included monitoring intensity, technostress dimensions, flourishing indicators, perceived organizational support, and digital literacy. Results indicate that AI-driven monitoring significantly predicts increased technostress, particularly techno-invasion and techno-overload, which subsequently reduce personnel flourishing across time. Technostress mediates the relationship between monitoring and well-being, while organizational support buffers negative effects. Partial adaptation was observed but did not fully restore flourishing levels. The findings underscore the importance of human-centered AI governance to sustain psychological well-being in digitally monitored workplaces.
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