1. Submission of Paper
The corresponding or submitting author submits the paper through the journal's Open Journal System (OJS). All submissions must be made through this online system to ensure a transparent and traceable review process.
2. Editorial Office Assessment (~1 week)
The submitted paper is first assessed by the editorial team to check its suitability with the journal's Focus and Scope, and evaluated against the Author Guidelines. Every submitted paper that passes this step is checked using Turnitin to measure its similarity index; papers with a similarity index above 15% are returned to the author before proceeding to review.
3. Appraisal by the Editor-in-Chief (~1 week)
The Editor-in-Chief checks whether the paper is appropriate for the journal, sufficiently original, and significant for publication. If not, the paper may be rejected (Decline) without further review.
4. Invitation to Reviewers (~2 weeks)
The handling editor invites reviewers based on subject-matter expertise, closeness of research interest, and absence of conflict of interest, aiming to secure at least two reviewers within approximately two weeks.
5. Review is Conducted (~4 weeks)
Reviewers read the paper thoroughly, forming a detailed, point-by-point evaluation. The review is submitted to the journal with a recommendation to accept, decline, or request revision (major or minor), typically within four weeks of invitation.
6. Journal Evaluates the Reviews & First Decision (~1 week)
The Editor-in-Chief and handling editor consider all returned reviews. If recommendations differ substantially, an additional reviewer may be invited. The first decision is typically communicated within approximately 9 weeks of submission.
7. Revision & Re-Review (~4-7 weeks, if applicable)
If revision is requested, the corresponding author is expected to submit a revised manuscript within two weeks for minor revisions or four weeks for major revisions, together with a point-by-point response. Manuscripts with major revisions are re-evaluated by the original reviewers where possible (~3 weeks) to confirm the revisions are satisfactory.
8. Final Decision (~1 week)
Once the handling editor is satisfied with the revisions, the Editor-in-Chief issues a Final Accept or Decline decision, communicated to the author along with any relevant anonymized reviewer comments.
9. Notification & Payment (~1 week)
Upon Final Accept, the corresponding author is notified and issued an Article Processing Charge (APC) invoice, in accordance with our
Article Processing Charge page. Payment must be completed before the manuscript proceeds to copyediting.
10. Copyediting (~2 weeks)
Once payment is confirmed, the manuscript undergoes copyediting for language, consistency, and adherence to journal style, in coordination with the corresponding author.
11. Layout & Proofreading (~2 weeks)
The manuscript is formatted into the journal's layout by the Layout Editor, followed by a proofreading pass to catch any final typographical or formatting issues before publication.
12. Publication
The finalized article is assigned a DOI and published online, either immediately (publish-as-you-go) or with the next available issue, and made freely available as a downloadable PDF file under open access.
The estimated total time from submission to publication is approximately 3 months, combining the review stages above with the production stages that follow. For a small number of papers, this timeline may extend slightly due to revision rounds or publication queue scheduling.